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Lecture Starts: 18:30

The Oceans of Our Planet, Part 2

Lesson 02: MNotes01-2a

1. The major property of water that keeps its molecules together is ______________ bonding. This creates a flexible “skin” at the water's surface called ______________ tension.

2. Water naturally exists on earth in three phases:

(a) ______________ – in the form of ice or snow

(b) ______________ – in the form of water

(c) ______________ – in the form of water vapor.

3. When water freezes it becomes _________ __________, allowing solid water to float on liquid water.

4. Water has a high ______________ heat; therefore, it does not change temperature very quickly despite drastic air temperature changes.

5. True or False: Water is often called the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than most other liquids. ______________

6. The solids in seawater come from the ______________ of rocks and ______________vents.

7. ___________________ is a measure of the total amount of salt dissolved in a solvent.

8. ______________ will result in greater or lesser salinity of the water left behind?

9. The ocean is blue because _______________ of blue light can penetrate much deeper than those of the other colors

10. The blue color of the ocean is also enhanced by the reflection of the blue ______________ on the surface.

11. ______________ in the ocean increases dramatically with depth

12. For every ____________ meters of depth, another atmosphere of pressure is added.

13. T or F: Winds in our atmosphere result from temperature differences caused by heat from the sun. ______________

14. Winds do not move in straight lines because of the ______________ effect

15. The major currents of the open ocean are driven by the wind. The circular patterns that result are called _______________.

16. T or F: Gyres move counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. ______________

17. Waves do not actually transport water, but they carry ______________ across the water's surface.

18. ______________ ranges are their largest during the full moon and the new moon. This is because of the gravitational pull of the aligned sun and moon. Scientists call this a spring ______________.

19. The smallest tidal range is when the moon and sun are at right angles to each other (during quarter moons). This is called a _______________ tide.

20. T or F: Cool winter temperatures cause the water temperature of the surface layer of the ocean to become colder, resulting in a denser portion of water. ______________

21. As this portion begins to sink, it displaces the same amount of water in a deeper layer. This process is called ______________.

22. The surface layer of the ocean is thin and well-mixed, being exposed to _____________ and _____________.

23. A ______________ separates the warm and cold regions of the ocean and is considered a transitional zone between them.