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Lecture: GModule14-1w
http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsG/Module14/1stOverhead27.htm
http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsG/Module14/FormalReport2.htm
http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsG/Module14/FormalReport2d.htm
1. The entire purpose of digestive system is to
convert food and drink into what two kinds of nutrients?
a. Micro and macronutrients.
2. What system transports oxygen and nutrients
to all the tissues in the human body?
a. The circulatory system.
www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
3. What is the primary composition of the human
circulatory system?
a. Comprised primarily of the heart and blood
vessels.
4. What system allows the body to take in oxygen
from the surrounding air and expel carbon dioxide?
a. The respiratory system.
http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=22576
5. What are the main or major organs of
respiration?
a. The lungs.
http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/pulmonary.html
6. What are the three categories of blood
vessels and what does each do?
a. Veins which carry blood back to the heart,
arteries which carry blood away from the heart, and capillaries which are tiny,
thin-walled blood vessels that allow for the exchange of gases and nutrients
between the blood and cells.
http://www.cayuga-cc.edu/people/facultypages/greer/biol204/vessels1/vessels1.html
7. Blood that is rich in oxygen is called what?
a. oxygenated blood.
8. Blood that has little oxygen is often called
what?
a. deoxygenated blood
9. Why are veins blue, both in our bodies and in
drawings?
a. The skin distorts the color and they appear
blue. Actually veins are dark red
because they carry deoxygenated blood.
They are pictured as blue due to the color seen through the distorting
skin.
10. As depicted in drawings, what kind of blood
do the red-colored blood vessels carry?
a. oxygenated blood.
11. Do veins always carry deoxygenated blood and
arteries oxygenated blood?
a. No.
The definition of vein or artery has nothing to do with the type of
blood it carries. What the name does
tell us is the direction of blood flow: in veins the blood flow is always
toward the heart and in arteries it is always away from the heart.
12. Where does the exchange of oxygen for carbon
dioxide and food for waste take place?
a. In the capillaries. The walls of capillaries are so thin that
oxygen and fluid can pass right through them and, likewise, carbon dioxide and
wastes can be deposited back through the capillary wall. Blood enters the capillary full of oxygen and
nutrients and leaves deoxygenated and full of wastes.
13. How long is the "string" of blood
vessels in an adult human?
a. 90,000 miles long (Earth circumference:
24,902 miles or 3.6 times around)
14. What kind of special muscle does the heart
have?
a. Cardiac muscle which a cross between smooth
muscle and skeletal muscle. It is totally
involuntary but is striped like skeletal muscle.
http://www.biology.ucok.edu/AnimalBiology/Tissues/Muscle.html
15. How many chambers does the heart have?
a. FOUR
(1) right atrium; (2) right ventricle; (3) left atrium; and (4) left
ventricle.
16. Can you give an example of a another type of
creature which has a four-chambered heart?
A three-chambered heart? A two
chambered-heart? A one-chambered
heart? One that has no chamber at all?
a. A bird, a frog, a fish, a lobsters, and
sponge, respectively
http://blood-system-atlas.net/vasc/index.html
17. Can you name an animal which has a cross
between a three and four-chambered heart?
a. A lizard.
18. What type of heart do endothermic animals
have?
a. Four-chambered. Necessary to meet the large oxygen
requirement of endothermic animals.
Endothermic animals must generate large amounts of energy to maintain
body temperature: requires enormous amounts of oxygen to generate that amount
of energy. Only a four-chambered heart
can do this. (P.350)
19. What two main veins bring deoxygenated blood
back to the heart?
a. Superior and inferior vena cava
www.globalclassroom.org/hemo.html
20. In which chamber of the heart does blood flow
begin?
a. The right atrium.
21. What node signals the right atrium to contract?
a. The sinoatrial node.
22. Where does the blood go after it is pumped
out of the right atrium?
a. Body => superior and inferior vena cava
=> right atrium => right ventricle => pulmonary artery => lungs
=> pulmonary veins => left atrium => left ventricle => to the aorta
=> Body.
23. Is the blood in the pulmonary artery
oxygenated or deoxygenated?
a. Deoxygenated, and the blood in the pulmonary
veins is oxygenated. Remember
"artery" says that the blood is moving away from the heart -- so even
though it is deoxygenated, it is carried in an artery because it is going away.
24. Blood is approximately 45% cells and 55%
what?
a. Blood plasma, which a mixture of water and
chemicals.
25. What the three main types of blood cells?
a. red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood
platelets.
http://www.cellsalive.com/cover4.htm
http://www.rnceus.com/cbc/cbcwbc.html
http://www.aamdsglossary.co.uk/glossary/WHITEBLOODCELL
http://www.cellsalive.com/ouch1.htm
26. What organ careful controls the levels of
chemicals in the plasma?
a. the kidneys
27. What is the special protein that carries
oxygen in the red blood cells called?
a. hemoglobin
http://www.psc.edu/science/Ho/hemoglbn.GIF
